Below is a collection of research and publications related to the Community-Based 4-Level Intervention. These resources provide valuable insights into the approach’s effectiveness in improving depression care and preventing suicidal behavior across various European regions. Explore the listed publications for further information and evidence:
Hegerl, U. (2020). Practical lessons learnt from the worldwide implementation of 115 community-based interventions for suicidal prevention. European Journal of Public Health, 30(Supplement_5), ckaa165.1219. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.1219
Hegerl, U., Heinz, I., O’Connor, A., & Reich, H. (2021). The 4-level approach: Prevention of suicidal behaviour through community-based intervention. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 760491. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.760491
Hegerl, U., Maxwell, M., Harris, F., Koburger, N., Mergl, R., Székely, A., Arensman, E., Van Audenhove, C., Larkin, C., Toth, M. D., Quintão, S., Värnik, A., Genz, A., Sarchiapone, M., McDaid, D., Schmidtke, A., Purebl, G., Coyne, J. C., & Gusmão, R. (2019). Prevention of suicidal behaviour: Results of a controlled community-based intervention study in four European countries. PLOS ONE, 14(11), e0224602. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224602
Hegerl, U., Rummel-Kluge, C., Värnik, A., Arensman, E., & Koburger, N. (2013). Alliances against depression: A community-based approach to target depression and to prevent suicidal behaviour. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 37(10 Pt 1), 2404–2409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.02.009
Linskens, E. J., Venables, N. C., Gustavson, A. M., Sayer, N. A., Murdoch, M., MacDonald, R., Ullman, K. E., McKenzie, L. G., Wilt, T. J., & Sultan, S. (2023). Population- and community-based interventions to prevent suicide. Crisis, 44(4), 330–340. https://doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000873
Schnitzspahn, K. M., & Hegerl, U. (2024). The 4-level approach: A community-based intervention targeting depression and suicidal behaviour. Mental Health and Prevention, 34, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhp.2024.200329
Schnitzspahn, K., Abdulla, K., Arensman, E., Van Audenhove, C., Mere, R., Pérez Sola, V., Sisask, M., Székely, A., Toczyski, P., & Hegerl, U. (2025). Community-based 4-level intervention targeting depression and suicidal behavior in Europe: Protocol for an implementation project. JMIR Research Protocols, 14, e64218. https://doi.org/10.2196/64218